LAB DIAGNOSIS OF GOUT & OEDEMA

GOUT - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• Serum Uric Acid 
• > 7 mg/dl - hyperuricemia - uric acid more than 7mg/dl forms monosodium urate crystals and gets deposited

• Urinary  Analysis for Uric Acid crystals & urinary pH

• Synovial Biopsy  for Synovial Fluid Analysis - shows uric acid crystals & " Tophi " - Needle shaped crystals

• Chronic cases of Gout - Blood Urea Nitrogen , Serum Creatinine , GFR,Proteinuria,Serum Electrolytes

• Plain Radiographs - showing joint destruction

• Ultrasound for evaluation of Renal Stones

OEDEMA - CAUSES

• Congestive Heart Failure

• Nephrotic Syndrome - Kidney dysfunctioning,Hypoalbuminemia,Proteinuria

• Cirrhosis of Liver - Hepatic Dysfunctioning

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• NT-PRO BNP - (N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide) - >25pg/ml indicates heart failure

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

KIDNEY FUNCTIONING -  LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• Blood Urea
• Serum Creatinine
• GFR
• Serum Electrolytes
• Urinary Protein Excretion

HYPOALBUMINEMIA - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• Serum Total Protein
• Serum Albumin

PROTEINURIA - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• 24 HOUR Urine Analysis for Protein & Albumin
• Normal urinary levels of protein - < 150mg/day
• Normal urinary levels of albumin - < 30 mg/day
• Microalbuminuria - <300 mg/day excretion of albumin  - early sign of diabetic & hypertensive nephropathy

LIVER DYSFUNCTIONING - LABORATORY ANALYSIS

• Serum Bilirubin - Total & Direct

• Serum SGOT,SGPT

• Serum Alkaline Phosphatase

• Serum Cholesterol

• Urinary Bile Pigments

• Serum Proteins

• A:G ratio